Ukuhlaziywa kwe-panoramic kokuvela kobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-microscopes yokuhlinzwa kwemikhakha eminingi

 

I-microscope yokuhlinzwa iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokufeza imisebenzi eqondile kwezokwelapha zanamuhla. Njengedivayisi yezokwelapha ehlanganisa izinhlelo zokukhanya ezinesinqumo esiphezulu, izakhiwo zemishini ezinembile, kanye namamojula okulawula ahlakaniphile, izimiso zayo eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ukukhuliswa kokukhanya (ngokuvamile okungu-4 × -40 × okulungisekayo), insimu yokubuka ye-stereo enikezwa yiimakroskopu yokusebenza ye-binocular, ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya okubandayo kwe-coaxial (ukunciphisa umonakalo wokushisa kwezicubu), kanye nesistimu yengalo yerobhothi ehlakaniphile (esekela ukuma okungu-360 °). Lezi zici ziyenza ikwazi ukudabula imingcele yomzimba yeso lomuntu, ifinyelele ukunemba okungu-0.1 millimeters, futhi inciphise kakhulu ingozi yokulimala kwemithambo yegazi.

 

Ⅰ、 Izimiso zobuchwepheshe kanye nemisebenzi eyinhloko

1. Izinhlelo zokubona kanye nezithombe:

- Uhlelo lwe-binocular luhlinzeka ngensimu yokubuka evumelanisiwe ye-stereoscopic kudokotela ohlinzayo nomsizi nge-prism, enobubanzi bensimu yokubuka obungamamilimitha angu-5-30, futhi lungazivumelanisa namabanga ahlukene abafundi kanye namandla okubuyisa. Izinhlobo zama-eyepieces zifaka phakathi insimu yokubuka ebanzi kanye nohlobo lwe-prothrombin, okwakamuva okungasusa ukuphambuka futhi kuqinisekise ukucaca kwezithombe ezisemaphethelweni.

- Uhlelo lokukhanyisa lusebenzisa isiqondiso se-fiber optic, ngokushisa kombala okungu-4500-6000K kanye nokukhanya okulungisekayo (10000-150000 Lux). Kuhlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bokucindezela ukukhanya okubomvu, kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kokukhanya kwe-retina. Umthombo wesibani se-Xenon noma se-halogen kuhlanganiswe nomklamo wokukhanya okubandayo ukugwema ukulimala kokushisa kwezicubu.

- I-spectroscope kanye ne-digital expansion module (njengesistimu yekhamera ye-4K/8K) isekela ukudluliswa kwesithombe ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokugcinwa kwaso, okwenza kube lula ukufundisa nokubonisana.

2. Isakhiwo semishini kanye nomklamo wokuphepha:

- Izitendi ze-microscope ezisebenzayozihlukaniswe ngokuma phansi kanyeama-microscope okusebenza kwe-table clamp. Eyokuqala ifanele amakamelo amakhulu okuhlinzwa, kanti eyesibili ifanele amakamelo okubonisana anesikhala esincane (njengemitholampilo yamazinyo).

- I-cantilever kagesi yezinga eliyisithupha yokukhululeka inomsebenzi wokulinganisela okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuvikela ukushayisana, futhi iyayeka ukuhamba ngokushesha lapho ihlangabezana nokumelana, iqinisekisa ukuphepha ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

 

Ⅱ、 Izimo ezikhethekile zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nokuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe

1. Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract:

Iimakroskopu yokusebenza ye-ophthalmologyumele emkhakheni we-imakroskopu yokusebenza kwamehloIzidingo zayo eziyinhloko zifaka:

- Ukulungiswa okuphezulu kakhulu (kukhuphuke ngo-25%) kanye nokujula okukhulu kwensimu, kunciphisa inani lokugxila ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa;

- Umklamo wokukhanya okuphansi (njengoimakroskopu yokusebenza kwe-cataract yamehlo) ukuthuthukisa induduzo yesiguli;

- Ukuzulazula kwe-3D kanye nomsebenzi we-OCT wangaphakathi kokuhlinzwa kuvumela ukulungiswa okunembile kwe-axis yekristalu ngaphakathi kwe-1 °.

2. I-Otolaryngology kanye ne-Dentistry:

- Iimakroskopu yokusebenza kwe-ENTidinga ukulungiswa ukuze ikwazi ukusebenza nge-deep mncane cavity (njengokufakelwa kwe-cochlear), ifakwe ilensi ende ye-focal length objective (250-400mm) kanye ne-fluorescence module (njenge-ICG angiography).

- Iimakroskopu yokusebenza kwamazinyo isebenzisa umklamo wendlela yokukhanya ehambisanayo, enebanga lokusebenza elilungisekayo elingu-200-500mm. Ifakwe ilensi yokulungisa encane kanye nelensi ye-binocular ejikayo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ze-ergonomic zokusebenza okuncane njengokwelashwa kwezimpande zemisele.

3. Ukuhlinzwa Kwezinzwa Nokuhlinzwa Komgogodla:

- Iimakroskopu yokusebenza kwe-neurosurgical kudinga ubuchwepheshe bokuthwebula imithambo yegazi (autofocus), ukukhiya kwamalunga e-robotic, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe ze-fluorescence (ukuxazulula imithambo yegazi ezingeni lamamilimitha angu-0.1).

- Iimakroskopu yokusebenza kokuhlinzwa komgogodlakudinga ukujula okuphezulu kwemodi yensimu (1-15mm) ukuze kuvumelane nezinkundla zokuhlinza ezijulile, kuhlanganiswe nesistimu yokuzulazula yezinzwa ukuze kufezwe ukuncishiswa okunembile.

4. Ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki kanye nenhliziyo:

- Iimakroskopu yokusebenza ngokuhlinzwa kwepulasitikikudinga ukujula okubanzi kwensimu kanye nomthombo wokukhanya ophansi okushisa ukuze kuvikelwe amandla e-flap futhi kusekelwe ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi sangempela kokugeleza kwegazi nge-FL800 intraoperative angiography.

- Iimakroskopu yokusebenza kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegaziIgxila ekunembileni kwe-microvascular anastomosis futhi idinga ukuguquguquka kanye nokumelana nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kwengalo yerobhothi.

 

Ⅲ、 Izitayela zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe

1. Ukuzulazula ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kanye nosizo lwerobhothi:

- Ubuchwepheshe be-Augmented reality (AR) bungamboza izithombe ze-CT/MRI zangaphambi kokuhlinzwa enkundleni yokuhlinzwa ukuze kuphawulwe izindlela zemithambo yegazi nezezinzwa ngesikhathi sangempela.

- Izinhlelo zokulawula kude zamarobhothi (njenge-microscopes ezilawulwa yi-joystick) zithuthukisa ukuzinza kokusebenza futhi zinciphise ukukhathala komqhubi.

2. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-super-resolution kanye ne-AI:

- Ubuchwepheshe be-photon microscopy obubili bufeza ukuthwebula izithombe ezingeni lamaseli, kuhlanganiswe nama-algorithms e-AI ukuhlonza ngokuzenzakalelayo izakhiwo zezicubu (njengemingcele yesimila noma izinqwaba zemizwa), futhi kusize ekusikweni kabusha okunembile.

3. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezithombe eziningi:

-I-Fluorescence contrast imaging (ICG/5-ALA) ehlanganiswe ne-OCT yangaphakathi kokuhlinzwa isekela indlela yokwenza izinqumo ngesikhathi sangempela "yokubuka ngenkathi usika".

 

Ⅳ、 Ukukhetha ukucushwa kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezindleko

1. Intengo ibalulekile:

- Okuyisisekeloimakroskopu yokuhlinzwa kwamazinyo(njengesistimu ye-zoom optical enamazinga amathathu) ibiza cishe isigidi esisodwa sama-yuan;

- Ikhwalithi ephezuluimakroskopu yokusebenza kwemizwa(kufaka phakathi ikhamera ye-4K kanye nokuzulazula kwe-fluorescent) kungabiza ama-yuan afinyelela ku-4.8 million.

2. Isisetshenziswa se-microscope esisebenzayo:

-Izesekeli ezibalulekile zifaka isibambo sokubulala amagciwane (esingamelani nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomfutho ophezulu), i-focusing eyepiece, i-beam splitter (izibuko ezisekelayo/zokufundisa), kanye nesembozo esikhethekile esihlanzekile.

 

ⅤIsifinyezo

Ama-microscope okuhlinza ashintshe kusukela ethuluzini elilodwa lokukhulisa laba yipulatifomu yokuhlinza enembile ehlukahlukene. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuhlanganiswa okujulile kokuzulazula kwe-AR, ukuqashelwa kwe-AI, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-robotics, inani layo eliyinhloko lizogxila "ekubambisaneni komuntu nomshini" - ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokuhlinzwa, odokotela basadinga ulwazi oluqinile lokwakheka komzimba kanye namakhono okusebenza njengesisekelo. Idizayini ekhethekile (njengomehluko phakathiimakroskopu yokusebenza komgogodlafuthiimakroskopu yokusebenza kwamehlo) kanye nokwanda okuhlakaniphile kuzoqhubeka nokucindezela imingcele yokuhlinzwa okunembile kuya enkathini ye-sub millimeter.