Kungakanani okwaziyo ngamakhroscope okuhlinzwa
A isibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa"iso" likadokotela ohlinzayo, oklanyelwe ngokukhethekile indawo yokuhlinzwa futhi ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukwenzai-microsurgery.
Izibonakhulu zokuhlinzaafakwe izingxenye ze-optical ezinembile kakhulu, okuvumela odokotela ukuba babheke izakhiwo ze-anatomical zeziguli ekukhuliseni okuphezulu futhi babone imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngokulungiswa okuphezulu nokuphambene, ngaleyo ndlela basize odokotela ekwenzeni ukuhlinzwa okunembayo okuphezulu.
IAma-microscopes asebenzayoikakhulukazi iqukethe izingxenye ezinhlanu:uhlelo lokubuka, uhlelo lokukhanyisa, uhlelo lokusekela, uhlelo lokulawula, futhiuhlelo lokubonisa.
Isistimu yokubuka:Isistimu yokubuka ngokuyinhloko iqukethe i-lens enenjongo, isistimu yokusondeza, i-beam splitter, ishubhu, i-eyepiece, njll. Kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ikhwalithi yokuthwebula isithombeIsibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa kwezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa ukukhuliswa, ukulungiswa kwe-chromatic aberration, nokujula kokugxila (ukujula kwenkambu).
Uhlelo lokukhanyisa:Uhlelo lokukhanyisa ikakhulukazi luqukethe izibani eziyinhloko, izibani ezisizayo, izintambo ezibonakalayo, njll., okungesinye isici esibalulekile esithinta ikhwalithi yokucabangaImakroskopu yokuhlinzwa yezokwelapha.
Isistimu yabakaki:Isistimu yabakaki ngokuyinhloko iqukethe isisekelo, amakholomu, izingalo eziphambanayo, izihambisi ze-XY ezivundlile, njll. Isistimu yabakaki iwuhlaka lwamathamboIsibonakhulu esisebenzayo, futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukunyakaza okusheshayo nokuguquguqukayo kwesistimu yokubuka nokukhanyisa endaweni edingekayo.
Isistimu yokulawula:Isistimu yokulawula ikakhulukazi iqukethe iphaneli yokulawula, isibambo sokulawula, kanye ne-control foot pedal. Ayikwazi kuphela ukukhetha amamodi okusebenza futhi ishintshe izithombe phakathi nokuhlinzwa ngephaneli yokulawula, kodwa futhi izuze ukunemba okuphezulu kokuma okuncane ngesibambo sokulawula nokulawula i-foot pedal, kanye nokulawula phezulu, phansi, kwesokunxele, ukugxila kwesokudla kwe-microscope, ukuguqulwa kokukhulisa, nokulungiswa kokukhanya kokukhanya.
Isistimu yokubonisa:ikakhulukazi akhiwe amakhamera, converters, izakhiwo optical, kanye display.
Ukuthuthukiswa kweIsibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa sochwephesheinomlando cishe weminyaka eyikhulu. Okwakuqalai-microscopes yokuhlinzwaingalandelelwa emuva ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho odokotela beqala ukusebenzisa izibuko zokukhulisa ukuhlinzwa ukuze bathole imibono ecacile. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, isazi sezifo zamathambo uCarl Olof Nylen sasebenzisa isibonakhulu lapho kuhlinzelwa khona i-otitis media, sivula umnyango wokuthola usizo.i-microsurgery.
Ngo-1953, uZeiss wakhulula ukuhweba kokuqala emhlabeniisibonakhulu sokuhlinzwaI-OPMI1, kamuva eyasetshenziswa ku-ophthalmology, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, neminye iminyango. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umphakathi wezokwelapha wathuthukisa futhi wasungula izinhlelo zokubona kanye nemishini yei-microscopes yokuhlinzwa.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, ngemva kokwethulwa kokushintshwa kwe-electromagnetic, ukwakheka okuphelele kweAma-microscopes asebenzayoyalungiswa ngokuyisisekelo.
Eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuthuthukiswaIzibonakhulu ezisebenzayo ezinencazelo ephezulukanye nobuchwepheshe bedijithali,i-microscopes yokuhlinzwabaye bethula amamojula we-imaging we-intraoperative kanye nobuchwepheshe be-imaging obuthuthukisiwe obusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwabo okukhona, njenge-optical coherence tomography (OCT), i-fluorescence imaging, ne-augmented reality (AR), ihlinzeka odokotela ngolwazi olubanzi lwesithombe.
Iisibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa se-binocularyakha umbono we-stereoscopic ngomehluko kumbono we-binocular. Emibikweni eminingi, odokotela abahlinzayo be-neurosurgeon babhale ukuntuleka kwemiphumela yokubuka ye-stereoscopic njengokunye kokushiyeka kwezibuko zangaphandle. Ngisho noma ezinye izazi zikholelwa ukuthi umbono we-stereoscopic onezinhlangothi ezintathu awusona isici esibalulekile esikhawulela ukuhlinzwa, unganqotshwa ngokuqeqeshwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlinza ukuze ungene endaweni yesikhashana yombono wokuhlinza onezinhlangothi ezimbili ukuze unxephezele ukuntuleka kombono wendawo enezinhlangothi ezintathu; Kodwa-ke, ekuhlinzeni okujulile okuyinkimbinkimbi, amasistimu we-endoscopic anezinhlangothi ezimbili namanje awakwazi ukuthatha indawo yendabukoi-microscopes yokuhlinzwa. Imibiko yocwaningo ibonisa ukuthi isistimu yakamuva ye-endoscope ye-3D namanje ayikwazi ukushintshwa ngokuphelelei-microscopes yokuhlinzwaezindaweni ezibalulekile zobuchopho obujulile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Isistimu ye-endoscope yakamuva ye-3D inganikeza umbono omuhle we-stereoscopic, kodwaizibonakhulu zendabuko zokuhlinzazisenezinzuzo ezingenakubuyiselwa ekubonweni kwezicubu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesilonda esijulile sobuchopho nokopha. U-OERTEL no-BURKHARDT bathola ocwaningweni lomtholampilo lwe-3D endoscope system ukuthi eqenjini lokuhlinzwa kobuchopho be-5 kanye nokuhlinzwa komgogodla we-11 okufakwe ocwaningweni, ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kwe-3 kwakudingeka balahle uhlelo lwe-endoscope ye-3D futhi baqhubeke nokusebenzisa.i-microscopes yokuhlinzwaukuqedela ukuhlinzwa phakathi nezinyathelo ezibucayi. Izici ezivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu ye-endoscope ye-3D ukuze kuqedelwe yonke inqubo yokuhlinza kulezi zimo ezintathu zingase zibe nezingxenye eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukukhanya, ukubona kwe-stereoscopic, ukulungiswa kwe-stent, nokugxila. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ebuchosheni obujulile,i-microscopes yokuhlinzwabasenezinzuzo ezithile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-05-2024
