Kungakanani okwaziyo ngamakhroscope okuhlinzwa
A isibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa"iso" likadokotela ohlinzayo, oklanyelwe ngokukhethekile indawo yokuhlinzwa futhi ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukwenzai-microsurgery.
Izibonakhulu zokuhlinzaafakwe izingxenye ze-optical ezinembile kakhulu, okuvumela odokotela ukuba babheke izakhiwo ze-anatomical zeziguli ekukhuliseni okuphezulu futhi babone imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngokulungiswa okuphezulu nokuphambene, ngaleyo ndlela basize odokotela ekwenzeni ukuhlinzwa okunembayo okuphezulu.
IAma-microscopes asebenzayoikakhulukazi iqukethe izingxenye ezinhlanu:uhlelo lokubuka, uhlelo lokukhanyisa, uhlelo lokusekela, uhlelo lokulawula, futhiuhlelo lokubonisa.
Isistimu yokubuka:Isistimu yokubuka ngokuyinhloko iqukethe i-lens enenjongo, isistimu yokusondeza, i-beam splitter, ishubhu, i-eyepiece, njll. Kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ikhwalithi yokuthwebula isithombeIsibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa kwezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa ukukhuliswa, ukulungiswa kwe-chromatic aberration, nokujula kokugxila (ukujula kwenkambu).
Uhlelo lokukhanyisa:Uhlelo lokukhanyisa ikakhulukazi luqukethe izibani eziyinhloko, izibani ezisizayo, izintambo ezibonakalayo, njll., okungesinye isici esibalulekile esithinta ikhwalithi yokucabangaImakroskopu yokuhlinzwa yezokwelapha.
Isistimu yabakaki:Isistimu yabakaki ngokuyinhloko iqukethe isisekelo, amakholomu, izingalo eziphambanayo, izihambisi ze-XY ezivundlile, njll. Isistimu yabakaki iwuhlaka lwamathamboIsibonakhulu esisebenzayo, futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukunyakaza okusheshayo nokuguquguqukayo kwesistimu yokubuka nokukhanyisa endaweni edingekayo.
Isistimu yokulawula:Isistimu yokulawula ikakhulukazi iqukethe iphaneli yokulawula, isibambo sokulawula, kanye ne-control foot pedal. Ayikwazi kuphela ukukhetha izindlela zokusebenza futhi ishintshe izithombe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngephaneli yokulawula, kodwa futhi izuze ukunemba okuphezulu kokumiswa okuncane ngesibambo sokulawula nokulawula unyawo lokunyathela, kanye nokulawula phezulu, phansi, kwesokunxele, ukugxila kwesokudla kwe-microscope. , ukushintsha kokukhulisa, nokulungiswa kokukhanya kokukhanya.
Isistimu yokubonisa:ikakhulukazi akhiwe amakhamera, converters, izakhiwo optical, kanye display.
Ukuthuthukiswa kweIsibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa sochwephesheinomlando cishe weminyaka eyikhulu. Okwakuqalai-microscopes yokuhlinzwaingalandelelwa emuva ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho odokotela beqala ukusebenzisa izibuko zokukhulisa ukuhlinzwa ukuze bathole imibono ecacile. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, isazi sezifo zamathambo uCarl Olof Nylen wasebenzisa isibonakhulu lapho kuhlinzelwa khona i-otitis media, evula umnyango we-otitis media.i-microsurgery.
Ngo-1953, uZeiss wakhulula ukuhweba kokuqala emhlabeniisibonakhulu sokuhlinzwaI-OPMI1, kamuva eyasetshenziswa ku-ophthalmology, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, neminye iminyango. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umphakathi wezokwelapha wathuthukisa futhi wasungula izinhlelo zokubona kanye nemishini yei-microscopes yokuhlinzwa.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, ngemva kokwethulwa kokushintshwa kwe-electromagnetic, ukwakheka okuphelele kweAma-microscopes asebenzayoyalungiswa ngokuyisisekelo.
Eminyakeni yamuva, kanye nokuthuthukiswaIzibonakhulu ezisebenzayo ezinencazelo ephezulukanye nobuchwepheshe bedijithali,i-microscopes yokuhlinzwabaye bethula amamojula we-imaging we-intraoperative kanye nobuchwepheshe be-imaging obuthuthukisiwe obusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwabo okukhona, njenge-optical coherence tomography (OCT), i-fluorescence imaging, ne-augmented reality (AR), ihlinzeka odokotela ngolwazi olubanzi lwesithombe.
Iisibonakhulu sokuhlinzwa se-binocularyakha umbono we-stereoscopic ngomehluko kumbono we-binocular. Emibikweni eminingi, odokotela abahlinzayo be-neurosurgeon babhale ukuntuleka kwemiphumela yokubuka ye-stereoscopic njengokunye kokushiyeka kwezibuko zangaphandle. Ngisho noma ezinye izazi zikholelwa ukuthi umbono we-three-dimensional stereoscopic akuyona into eyinhloko ekhawulela ukuhlinzwa, unganqotshwa ngokuqeqeshwa kokuhlinzwa noma ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlinza ukuze ungene endaweni yesikhashana yokubona ukuhlinzwa okukabili ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukuntuleka kokuthathu. -umbono wendawo yobukhulu; Kodwa-ke, ekuhlinzeni okujulile okuyinkimbinkimbi, amasistimu we-endoscopic anezinhlangothi ezimbili namanje awakwazi ukuthatha indawo yendabukoi-microscopes yokuhlinzwa. Imibiko yocwaningo ibonisa ukuthi isistimu yakamuva ye-endoscope ye-3D namanje ayikwazi ukushintshwa ngokuphelelei-microscopes yokuhlinzwaezindaweni ezibalulekile zobuchopho obujulile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Isistimu ye-endoscope yakamuva ye-3D inganikeza umbono omuhle we-stereoscopic, kodwaizibonakhulu zendabuko zokuhlinzazisenezinzuzo ezingenakubuyiselwa ekubonweni kwezicubu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesilonda esijulile sobuchopho nokopha. U-OERTEL no-BURKHARDT bathola ocwaningweni lomtholampilo lwe-3D endoscope system ukuthi eqenjini lokuhlinzwa kobuchopho be-5 kanye nokuhlinzwa komgogodla we-11 okufakwe ocwaningweni, ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kwe-3 kwakudingeka balahle uhlelo lwe-endoscope ye-3D futhi baqhubeke nokusebenzisa.i-microscopes yokuhlinzwaukuqedela ukuhlinzwa phakathi nezinyathelo ezibucayi. Izici ezivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu ye-endoscope ye-3D ukuze kuqedelwe yonke inqubo yokuhlinza kulezi zimo ezintathu zingase zibe nezingxenye eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukukhanya, ukubona kwe-stereoscopic, ukulungiswa kwe-stent, nokugxila. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ebuchosheni obujulile,i-microscopes yokuhlinzwabasenezinzuzo ezithile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-05-2024
